java.util.concurrent

## Class ExecutorCompletionService<V>

- java.lang.Object
- - java.util.concurrent.ExecutorCompletionService<V>

- All Implemented Interfaces:
    CompletionService<V>

      public class ExecutorCompletionService<V>
      extends Object
      implements CompletionService<V>

  A `CompletionService` that uses a supplied `Executor` to execute tasks. This class arranges that submitted tasks are, upon completion, placed on a queue accessible using `take`. The class is lightweight enough to be suitable for transient use when processing groups of tasks.

  Usage Examples. Suppose you have a set of solvers for a certain problem, each returning a value of some type `Result`, and would like to run them concurrently, processing the results of each of them that return a non-null value, in some method `use(Result r)`. You could write this as:

       void solve(Executor e,
                  Collection<Callable<Result>> solvers)
           throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
           CompletionService<Result> ecs
               = new ExecutorCompletionService<Result>(e);
           for (Callable<Result> s : solvers)
               ecs.submit(s);
           int n = solvers.size();
           for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
               Result r = ecs.take().get();
               if (r != null)
                   use(r);
           }
       }

  Suppose instead that you would like to use the first non-null result of the set of tasks, ignoring any that encounter exceptions, and cancelling all other tasks when the first one is ready:

       void solve(Executor e,
                  Collection<Callable<Result>> solvers)
           throws InterruptedException {
           CompletionService<Result> ecs
               = new ExecutorCompletionService<Result>(e);
           int n = solvers.size();
           List<Future<Result>> futures
               = new ArrayList<Future<Result>>(n);
           Result result = null;
           try {
               for (Callable<Result> s : solvers)
                   futures.add(ecs.submit(s));
               for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
                   try {
                       Result r = ecs.take().get();
                       if (r != null) {
                           result = r;
                           break;
                       }
                   } catch (ExecutionException ignore) {}
               }
           }
           finally {
               for (Future<Result> f : futures)
                   f.cancel(true);
           }

           if (result != null)
               use(result);
       }

- - ### Constructor Summary

    Constructors
    Constructor and Description
    `ExecutorCompletionService(Executor executor)` Creates an ExecutorCompletionService using the supplied executor for base task execution and a `LinkedBlockingQueue` as a completion queue.
    `ExecutorCompletionService(Executor executor, BlockingQueue<Future<V>> completionQueue)` Creates an ExecutorCompletionService using the supplied executor for base task execution and the supplied queue as its completion queue.

  - ### Method Summary

    All Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods
    Modifier and Type | Method and Description
    --- | ---
    `Future<V>` | `poll()` Retrieves and removes the Future representing the next completed task or `null` if none are present.
    `Future<V>` | `poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)` Retrieves and removes the Future representing the next completed task, waiting if necessary up to the specified wait time if none are yet present.
    `Future<V>` | `submit(Callable<V> task)` Submits a value-returning task for execution and returns a Future representing the pending results of the task.
    `Future<V>` | `submit(Runnable task, V result)` Submits a Runnable task for execution and returns a Future representing that task.
    `Future<V>` | `take()` Retrieves and removes the Future representing the next completed task, waiting if none are yet present.

    - ### Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

      `clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

- - ### Constructor Detail

    - #### ExecutorCompletionService

          public ExecutorCompletionService(Executor executor)

      Creates an ExecutorCompletionService using the supplied executor for base task execution and a `LinkedBlockingQueue` as a completion queue.
      Parameters:
        `executor` - the executor to use
      Throws:
        `NullPointerException` - if executor is `null`

    - #### ExecutorCompletionService

          public ExecutorCompletionService(Executor executor,
                                           BlockingQueue<Future<V>> completionQueue)

      Creates an ExecutorCompletionService using the supplied executor for base task execution and the supplied queue as its completion queue.
      Parameters:
        `executor` - the executor to use
        `completionQueue` - the queue to use as the completion queue normally one dedicated for use by this service. This queue is treated as unbounded -- failed attempted `Queue.add` operations for completed taskes cause them not to be retrievable.
      Throws:
        `NullPointerException` - if executor or completionQueue are `null`

  - ### Method Detail

    - #### submit

          public Future<V> submit(Callable<V> task)

      Description copied from interface: `CompletionService`
      Submits a value-returning task for execution and returns a Future representing the pending results of the task. Upon completion, this task may be taken or polled.
      Specified by:
        `submit` in interface `CompletionService<V>`
      Parameters:
        `task` - the task to submit
      Returns:
        a Future representing pending completion of the task

    - #### submit

          public Future<V> submit(Runnable task,
                                  V result)

      Description copied from interface: `CompletionService`
      Submits a Runnable task for execution and returns a Future representing that task. Upon completion, this task may be taken or polled.
      Specified by:
        `submit` in interface `CompletionService<V>`
      Parameters:
        `task` - the task to submit
        `result` - the result to return upon successful completion
      Returns:
        a Future representing pending completion of the task, and whose `get()` method will return the given result value upon completion

    - #### take

          public Future<V> take()
                         throws InterruptedException

      Description copied from interface: `CompletionService`
      Retrieves and removes the Future representing the next completed task, waiting if none are yet present.
      Specified by:
        `take` in interface `CompletionService<V>`
      Returns:
        the Future representing the next completed task
      Throws:
        `InterruptedException` - if interrupted while waiting

    - #### poll

          public Future<V> poll()

      Description copied from interface: `CompletionService`
      Retrieves and removes the Future representing the next completed task or `null` if none are present.
      Specified by:
        `poll` in interface `CompletionService<V>`
      Returns:
        the Future representing the next completed task, or `null` if none are present

    - #### poll

          public Future<V> poll(long timeout,
                                TimeUnit unit)
                         throws InterruptedException

      Description copied from interface: `CompletionService`
      Retrieves and removes the Future representing the next completed task, waiting if necessary up to the specified wait time if none are yet present.
      Specified by:
        `poll` in interface `CompletionService<V>`
      Parameters:
        `timeout` - how long to wait before giving up, in units of `unit`
        `unit` - a `TimeUnit` determining how to interpret the `timeout` parameter
      Returns:
        the Future representing the next completed task or `null` if the specified waiting time elapses before one is present
      Throws:
        `InterruptedException` - if interrupted while waiting

Copyright © 2025 API Design. All Rights Reserved.